Manage Cloudflare Workers and associated services via the wrangler CLI.

Prerequisites

• Node.js v20+ required
• Install: npm install -g wrangler or use project-local npx wrangler
• Auth: wrangler login (opens browser for OAuth)
• Verify: wrangler whoami

Quick Reference

Workers

# Initialize new worker
wrangler init 
# Local development
wrangler dev [script]
# Deploy
wrangler deploy [script]
# List deployments
wrangler deployments list
# View deployment
wrangler deployments view [deployment-id]
# Rollback
wrangler rollback [version-id]
# Delete worker
wrangler delete [name]
# Tail logs (live)
wrangler tail [worker]

Secrets

# Add/update secret (interactive)
wrangler secret put 
# Add secret from stdin
echo "value" | wrangler secret put 
# List secrets
wrangler secret list
# Delete secret
wrangler secret delete 
# Bulk upload from JSON file
wrangler secret bulk secrets.json

KV (Key-Value Store)

# Create namespace
wrangler kv namespace create 
# List namespaces
wrangler kv namespace list
# Delete namespace
wrangler kv namespace delete --namespace-id 
# Put key
wrangler kv key put   --namespace-id 
# Get key
wrangler kv key get  --namespace-id 
# Delete key
wrangler kv key delete  --namespace-id 
# List keys
wrangler kv key list --namespace-id 
# Bulk operations (JSON file)
wrangler kv bulk put  --namespace-id 
wrangler kv bulk delete  --namespace-id 

D1 (SQL Database)

# Create database
wrangler d1 create 
# List databases
wrangler d1 list
# Database info
wrangler d1 info 
# Execute SQL
wrangler d1 execute  --command "SELECT * FROM users"
# Execute SQL file
wrangler d1 execute  --file schema.sql
# Local execution (for dev)
wrangler d1 execute  --local --command "..."
# Export database
wrangler d1 export  --output backup.sql
# Delete database
wrangler d1 delete 
# Migrations
wrangler d1 migrations create  
wrangler d1 migrations apply 
wrangler d1 migrations list 

R2 (Object Storage)

# Create bucket
wrangler r2 bucket create 
# List buckets
wrangler r2 bucket list
# Delete bucket
wrangler r2 bucket delete 
# Upload object
wrangler r2 object put / --file 
# Download object
wrangler r2 object get / --file 
# Delete object
wrangler r2 object delete /

Queues

# Create queue
wrangler queues create 
# List queues
wrangler queues list
# Delete queue
wrangler queues delete 

Configuration Files

Wrangler supports both TOML and JSON/JSONC config formats:

• wrangler.toml — traditional format
• wrangler.json or wrangler.jsonc — newer, with JSON schema support

⚠️ Important: If both exist, JSON takes precedence. Pick one format to avoid confusion where edits to TOML are ignored.

JSONC format (with schema autocomplete)

{
  "$schema": "./node_modules/wrangler/config-schema.json",
  "name": "my-worker",
  "main": "src/index.ts",
  "compatibility_date": "2024-12-30"
}

TOML format

name = "my-worker"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"

With bindings:

name = "my-worker"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"
# KV binding
[[kv_namespaces]]
binding = "MY_KV"
id = "xxx"
# D1 binding
[[d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "my-db"
database_id = "xxx"
# R2 binding
[[r2_buckets]]
binding = "BUCKET"
bucket_name = "my-bucket"
# Environment variables
[vars]
API_URL = "https://api.example.com"
# Secrets (set via wrangler secret put)
# Referenced as env.SECRET_NAME in worker code

Static assets (for frameworks like Next.js):

name = "my-site"
main = ".open-next/worker.js"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"
compatibility_flags = ["nodejs_compat"]
[assets]
directory = ".open-next/assets"
binding = "ASSETS"

Common Patterns

Deploy with environment

wrangler deploy -e production
wrangler deploy -e staging

Custom domain (via dashboard or API)

Custom domains must be configured in the Cloudflare dashboard under Worker Settings > Domains & Routes, or via the Cloudflare API. Wrangler doesn't directly manage custom domains.

Local development with bindings

# Creates local D1/KV/R2 for dev
wrangler dev --local

Checking deployment status

wrangler deployments list
wrangler deployments view

What Wrangler Does NOT Do

• DNS management — Use the Cloudflare dashboard or API for DNS records
• Custom domains — Configure via dashboard (Worker Settings > Domains & Routes) or API
• SSL certificates — Managed automatically by Cloudflare when custom domains are added
• Firewall/WAF rules — Use dashboard or API

For DNS/domain management, see the cloudflare skill (uses Cloudflare API directly).

Troubleshooting

Resources

• Wrangler Docs
• Workers Docs
• D1 Docs
• R2 Docs
• KV Docs