Jira 配置、项目管理、JQL、工作流、自动化和报告的大师级专业水平。处理 Jira 的所有技术和运营方面。
快速开始 — 最常见操作
创建项目:
mcp jira create_project --name "My Project" --key "MYPROJ" --type scrum --lead "user@example.com"
执行 JQL 查询:
mcp jira search_issues --jql "project = MYPROJ AND status != Done AND dueDate < now()" --maxResults 50
完整命令参考见 Atlassian MCP 集成。JQL 函数参考见 JQL 函数参考。报告模板见 报告模板。
工作流
项目创建
- 确定项目类型(Scrum、Kanban、缺陷跟踪等)
- 使用适当模板创建项目
- 配置项目设置:
- 名称、键、描述
- 项目负责人和默认受理人
- 通知方案
- 权限方案
- 设置问题类型和工作流
- 如需要则配置自定义字段
- 创建初始看板/待办列表视图
- 交接给:Scrum Master 进行团队入职培训
工作流设计
- 绘制流程状态(待办 → 进行中 → 完成)
- 定义流转和条件
- 添加验证器、后功能和条件
- 配置工作流方案
- 验证:首先部署到测试项目;验证所有流转、条件和后功能在关联到生产项目前按预期工作
- 关联工作流到项目
- 用示例问题测试工作流
JQL 查询构建
基本结构:
字段 操作符 值常用操作符:
=, != :等于,不等于
~, !~ :包含,不包含
>, <, >=, <= :比较
in, not in :列表成员
is empty, is not empty
was, was in, was not
changed
强大的 JQL 示例:
查找逾期问题:
dueDate < now() AND status != Done
Sprint 燃尽问题:
sprint = 23 AND status changed TO "Done" DURING (startOfSprint(), endOfSprint())
查找停滞问题:
updated < -30d AND status != Done
跨项目史诗追踪:
"Epic Link" = PROJ-123 ORDER BY rank
速度计算:
sprint in closedSprints() AND resolution = Done
团队容量:
assignee in (user1, user2) AND sprint in openSprints()
仪表板创建
- 筛选结果(基于 JQL)
- Sprint 燃尽图
- 速度图表
- 创建与解决
- 饼图(状态分布)
- 排列布局以提高可读性
- 配置自动刷新
- 与适当团队共享
- 交接给:高级 PM 或 Scrum Master 使用
自动化规则
- 定义触发器(问题创建、字段更改、计划)
- 添加条件(如适用)
- 定义操作:
- 更新字段
- 发送通知
- 创建子任务
- 流转问题
- 发布评论
高级功能
自定义字段
何时创建:
- 跟踪标准字段中没有的数据
- 捕获流程特定信息
- 启用高级报告
字段类型:文本、数字、日期、选择(单选/多选/级联)、用户选择器
配置:
- 创建自定义字段
- 配置字段上下文(哪些项目/问题类型)
- 添加到适当屏幕
- 如需要则更新搜索模板
问题关联
关联类型:
- 阻塞 / 被阻塞
- 相关
- 重复 / 被重复
- 克隆 / 被克隆
- 史诗-故事关系
最佳实践:
- 使用史诗关联进行功能分组
- 使用阻塞关联显示依赖关系
- 在评论中记录关联原因
权限与安全
权限方案:
- 浏览项目
- 创建/编辑/删除问题
- 管理项目
- 管理 Sprint
安全级别:
- 定义机密问题的可见性
- 控制对敏感数据的访问
- 审计安全更改
批量操作
批量更改:
- 使用 JQL 查找目标问题
- 选择批量更改操作
- 选择要更新的字段
- 验证:执行前预览所有更改;确认 JQL 筛选器仅匹配预期问题 — 批量编辑难以撤销
- 执行并确认
- 监控后台任务
批量流转:
- 多个问题通过工作流
- 用于 Sprint 清理
- 需要适当权限
- 验证:在规模化应用前用小批量运行 JQL 筛选器并审查结果
JQL 函数参考
提示:将常用查询保存为命名筛选器,而不是重新运行复杂的临时 JQL。性能指导见 最佳实践。
日期:startOfDay()、endOfDay()、startOfWeek()、endOfWeek()、startOfMonth()、endOfMonth()、startOfYear()、endOfYear()
Sprint:openSprints()、closedSprints()、futureSprints()
用户:currentUser()、membersOf("group")
高级:issueHistory()、linkedIssues()、issuesWithFixVersions()
报告模板
提示:这些 JQL 片段可以保存为共享筛选器或直接连接到仪表板组件(见 仪表板创建)。
| 报告 | JQL |
|---|
| Sprint 报告 | project = PROJ AND sprint = 23 |
| 团队速度 | assignee in (team) AND sprint in closedSprints() AND resolution = Done |
| 缺陷趋势 | type = Bug AND created >= -30d |
| 阻塞分析 | priority = Blocker AND status != Done |
决策框架
何时升级到 Atlassian 管理员:
- 需要新的项目权限方案
- 需要跨组织的自定义工作流方案
- 用户配置或取消配置
- 许可或计费问题
- 全系统配置更改
何时与 Scrum Master 协作:
- Sprint 看板配置
- 待办列表优先级视图
- 团队特定筛选器
- Sprint 报告需求
何时与高级 PM 协作:
- 项目组合级别报告
- 跨项目仪表板
- 高管可见性需求
- 多项目依赖
交接协议
来自高级 PM:
- 项目结构需求
- 工作流和字段需求
- 报告需求
- 集成需求
交给高级 PM:
- 跨项目指标
- 问题趋势和模式
- 工作流瓶颈
- 数据质量洞察
来自 Scrum Master:
- Sprint 看板配置请求
- 工作流优化需求
- 待办列表筛选需求
- 速度追踪设置
交给 Scrum Master:
- 配置好的 Sprint 看板
- 速度报告
- 燃尽图
- 团队容量视图
最佳实践
数据质量:
- 用字段验证规则强制要求必填字段
- 按项目类型使用一致的问题键命名约定
- 定期安排清理停滞/孤立问题
性能:
- 避免 JQL 中的前导通配符(在大文本字段上
~ 开销很大)
- 使用保存的筛选器而不是重新运行复杂的临时 JQL
- 限制仪表板组件以减少页面加载时间
- 归档已完成项目而不是删除以保留历史
治理:
- 记录自定义工作流状态和流转的理由
- 在进行更改之前对权限/工作流方案进行版本控制
- 要求跨组织方案更新进行变更管理审查
- 用户角色更改后运行权限审计
Atlassian MCP 集成
主要工具:Jira MCP 服务器
关键操作及示例命令:
创建项目:
mcp jira create_project --name "My Project" --key "MYPROJ" --type scrum --lead "user@example.com"
执行 JQL 查询:
mcp jira search_issues --jql "project = MYPROJ AND status != Done AND dueDate < now()" --maxResults 50
更新问题字段:
mcp jira update_issue --issue "MYPROJ-42" --field "status" --value "In Progress"
创建 Sprint:
mcp jira create_sprint --board 10 --name "Sprint 5" --startDate "2024-06-01" --endDate "2024-06-14"
创建看板筛选器:
mcp jira create_filter --name "Open Blockers" --jql "priority = Blocker AND status != Done" --shareWith "project-team"
集成点:
- 为高级 PM 报告提取指标
- 为 Scrum Master 配置 Sprint 看板
- 为 Confluence 专家创建文档页面
- 支持模板创建者的模板创建
相关技能
- Confluence 专家 (
project-management/confluence-expert/) — 文档补充 Jira 工作流
- Atlassian 管理员 (
project-management/atlassian-admin/) — Jira 项目的权限和用户管理
Master-level expertise in Jira configuration, project management, JQL, workflows, automation, and reporting. Handles all technical and operational aspects of Jira.
Quick Start — Most Common Operations
Create a project:
mcp jira create_project --name "My Project" --key "MYPROJ" --type scrum --lead "user@example.com"
Run a JQL query:
mcp jira search_issues --jql "project = MYPROJ AND status != Done AND dueDate < now()" --maxResults 50
For full command reference, see Atlassian MCP Integration. For JQL functions, see JQL Functions Reference. For report templates, see Reporting Templates.
Workflows
Project Creation
- Determine project type (Scrum, Kanban, Bug Tracking, etc.)
- Create project with appropriate template
- Configure project settings:
- Name, key, description
- Project lead and default assignee
- Notification scheme
- Permission scheme
- Set up issue types and workflows
- Configure custom fields if needed
- Create initial board/backlog view
- HANDOFF TO: Scrum Master for team onboarding
Workflow Design
- Map out process states (To Do → In Progress → Done)
- Define transitions and conditions
- Add validators, post-functions, and conditions
- Configure workflow scheme
- Validate: Deploy to a test project first; verify all transitions, conditions, and post-functions behave as expected before associating with production projects
- Associate workflow with project
- Test workflow with sample issues
JQL Query Building
Basic Structure:
field operator valueCommon Operators:
=, != : equals, not equals
~, !~ : contains, not contains
>, <, >=, <= : comparison
in, not in : list membership
is empty, is not empty
was, was in, was not
changed
Powerful JQL Examples:
Find overdue issues:
dueDate < now() AND status != Done
Sprint burndown issues:
sprint = 23 AND status changed TO "Done" DURING (startOfSprint(), endOfSprint())
Find stale issues:
updated < -30d AND status != Done
Cross-project epic tracking:
"Epic Link" = PROJ-123 ORDER BY rank
Velocity calculation:
sprint in closedSprints() AND resolution = Done
Team capacity:
assignee in (user1, user2) AND sprint in openSprints()
Dashboard Creation
- Create new dashboard (personal or shared)
- Add relevant gadgets:
- Filter Results (JQL-based)
- Sprint Burndown
- Velocity Chart
- Created vs Resolved
- Pie Chart (status distribution)
- Arrange layout for readability
- Configure automatic refresh
- Share with appropriate teams
- HANDOFF TO: Senior PM or Scrum Master for use
Automation Rules
- Define trigger (issue created, field changed, scheduled)
- Add conditions (if applicable)
- Define actions:
- Update field
- Send notification
- Create subtask
- Transition issue
- Post comment
- Test automation with sample data
- Enable and monitor
Advanced Features
Custom Fields
When to Create:
- Track data not in standard fields
- Capture process-specific information
- Enable advanced reporting
Field Types: Text, Numeric, Date, Select (single/multi/cascading), User picker
Configuration:
- Create custom field
- Configure field context (which projects/issue types)
- Add to appropriate screens
- Update search templates if needed
Issue Linking
Link Types:
- Blocks / Is blocked by
- Relates to
- Duplicates / Is duplicated by
- Clones / Is cloned by
- Epic-Story relationship
Best Practices:
- Use Epic linking for feature grouping
- Use blocking links to show dependencies
- Document link reasons in comments
Permissions & Security
Permission Schemes:
- Browse Projects
- Create/Edit/Delete Issues
- Administer Projects
- Manage Sprints
Security Levels:
- Define confidential issue visibility
- Control access to sensitive data
- Audit security changes
Bulk Operations
Bulk Change:
- Use JQL to find target issues
- Select bulk change operation
- Choose fields to update
- Validate: Preview all changes before executing; confirm the JQL filter matches only intended issues — bulk edits are difficult to reverse
- Execute and confirm
- Monitor background task
Bulk Transitions:
- Move multiple issues through workflow
- Useful for sprint cleanup
- Requires appropriate permissions
- Validate: Run the JQL filter and review results in small batches before applying at scale
JQL Functions Reference
Tip: Save frequently used queries as named filters instead of re-running complex JQL ad hoc. See Best Practices for performance guidance.
Date: startOfDay(), endOfDay(), startOfWeek(), endOfWeek(), startOfMonth(), endOfMonth(), startOfYear(), endOfYear()
Sprint: openSprints(), closedSprints(), futureSprints()
User: currentUser(), membersOf("group")
Advanced: issueHistory(), linkedIssues(), issuesWithFixVersions()
Reporting Templates
Tip: These JQL snippets can be saved as shared filters or wired directly into Dashboard gadgets (see Dashboard Creation).
| Report | JQL |
|---|
| Sprint Report | project = PROJ AND sprint = 23 |
| Team Velocity | assignee in (team) AND sprint in closedSprints() AND resolution = Done |
| Bug Trend | type = Bug AND created >= -30d |
| Blocker Analysis | priority = Blocker AND status != Done |
Decision Framework
When to Escalate to Atlassian Admin:
- Need new project permission scheme
- Require custom workflow scheme across org
- User provisioning or deprovisioning
- License or billing questions
- System-wide configuration changes
When to Collaborate with Scrum Master:
- Sprint board configuration
- Backlog prioritization views
- Team-specific filters
- Sprint reporting needs
When to Collaborate with Senior PM:
- Portfolio-level reporting
- Cross-project dashboards
- Executive visibility needs
- Multi-project dependencies
Handoff Protocols
FROM Senior PM:
- Project structure requirements
- Workflow and field needs
- Reporting requirements
- Integration needs
TO Senior PM:
- Cross-project metrics
- Issue trends and patterns
- Workflow bottlenecks
- Data quality insights
FROM Scrum Master:
- Sprint board configuration requests
- Workflow optimization needs
- Backlog filtering requirements
- Velocity tracking setup
TO Scrum Master:
- Configured sprint boards
- Velocity reports
- Burndown charts
- Team capacity views
Best Practices
Data Quality:
- Enforce required fields with field validation rules
- Use consistent issue key naming conventions per project type
- Schedule regular cleanup of stale/orphaned issues
Performance:
- Avoid leading wildcards in JQL (
~ on large text fields is expensive)
- Use saved filters instead of re-running complex JQL ad hoc
- Limit dashboard gadgets to reduce page load time
- Archive completed projects rather than deleting to preserve history
Governance:
- Document rationale for custom workflow states and transitions
- Version-control permission/workflow schemes before making changes
- Require change management review for org-wide scheme updates
- Run permission audits after user role changes
Atlassian MCP Integration
Primary Tool: Jira MCP Server
Key Operations with Example Commands:
Create a project:
mcp jira create_project --name "My Project" --key "MYPROJ" --type scrum --lead "user@example.com"
Execute a JQL query:
mcp jira search_issues --jql "project = MYPROJ AND status != Done AND dueDate < now()" --maxResults 50
Update an issue field:
mcp jira update_issue --issue "MYPROJ-42" --field "status" --value "In Progress"
Create a sprint:
mcp jira create_sprint --board 10 --name "Sprint 5" --startDate "2024-06-01" --endDate "2024-06-14"
Create a board filter:
mcp jira create_filter --name "Open Blockers" --jql "priority = Blocker AND status != Done" --shareWith "project-team"
Integration Points:
- Pull metrics for Senior PM reporting
- Configure sprint boards for Scrum Master
- Create documentation pages for Confluence Expert
- Support template creation for Template Creator
Related Skills
- Confluence Expert (
project-management/confluence-expert/) — Documentation complements Jira workflows
- Atlassian Admin (
project-management/atlassian-admin/) — Permission and user management for Jira projects